中华中医药学刊

目的 旨在探究甲状腺结节(thyroid nodules, TN)、乳腺增生(hyperplasia of mammary gland, HMG)和子宫肌瘤(uterine leiomyomas, UL)三种疾病之间的相互关联性及其患病规律，为临床诊疗方案和合理用药提供科学依据。方法 回顾性分析了河南中医药大学第一附属医院体检中心2011年10月19日—2018年12月19日进行甲状腺、乳房、子宫超声检查的女性体检者的电子健康记录。根据检出结果，将单独检出任一疾病、任意两种疾病共发及三病并发的病例纳入病例组，未检出任何疾病的个体纳入对照组。通过SPSS Statistics 22.0软件运用Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel检验及描述性统计方法，分析三种疾病之间的相关性及患病规律。结果 共纳入符合研究条件的病例5252例，其中病例组2902例。相关性分析显示，任意两病的共发均有显著的正向相关性。其中TN与HMG在45～59岁年龄组(r=0.106,P<0.001)、TN与UL在18～44岁年龄组(r=0.122,P<0.001)、HMG和UL在45～59岁年龄组(r=0.157,P<0.001)的相关性最为显著。描述性统计分析表明，三病或任意两病的并发主要集中在45～59岁年龄段。三种疾病患者的中医体质主要为痰湿质和阳虚质，血压、血脂及血糖水平大多正常，但与对照组相比存在显著差异(P<0.001)。实验室检查结果显示，血常规、肝功能和肾功能指标均处于正常范围内，但与对照组相比存在显著差异(P<0.001)。结论 基于真实世界数据的研究结果显示，甲状腺结节、乳腺增生和子宫肌瘤三种疾病间存在显著的正向相关性，且在年龄分布、中医体质、血压、血糖、血脂及实验室检验指标方面与正常组相比均有显著差异，为这三种疾病的早期发现、预防和治疗提供了重要依据。

Objective This study aims to investigate the interrelationships and disease patterns among thyroid nodules(TN),hyperplasia of mammary glands(HMG) and uterine leiomyomas(UL),providing a scientific basis for clinical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, as well as rational drug use. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on the electronic health records of female examinees who underwent thyroid, breast and uterine ultrasonography at the Health Examination Center of The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from October 19,2011 to December 19,2018. Based on the detection results, the cases with any single disease, co-occurrence of any two diseases and concurrent three diseases were included in the case group, while the individuals without any detected diseases were included in the control group. Using SPSS Statistics 22.0 software, the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test and descriptive statistical methods were applied to analyze the correlation and disease patterns among the three diseases. Result A total of 5252 cases met the study criteria, with 2902 in the case group. The correlation analysis revealed significant positive associations between the co-occurrence of any two diseases. Notably, the correlation between TN and HMG was strongest in the 45-59 age group(r=0.106,P<0.001),between TN and UL in the 18-44 age group(r=0.122,P<0.001),and between HMG and UL in the 45-59 age group(r=0.157,P<0.001). Descriptive statistical analysis indicated that the concurrence of all three diseases or any two diseases predominantly occurred in the 45-59 age range. The predominant traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) constitutions among patients were phlegm-dampness and Yang deficiency. Blood pressure, lipid and glucose levels were mostly normal but showed significant differences compared to those of the control group(P<0.001). Laboratory tests revealed that routine blood, liver and kidney function indices were within the normal ranges, yet significantly different from those of the control group(P<0.001). Conclusion This real-world data-based research demonstrates significant positive correlations among TN,HMG and UL,with notable differences in age distribution, TCM constitutions, blood pressure, glucose, lipids and laboratory indices compared to those of the normal group, providing crucial evidence for early detection, prevention and treatment of these diseases.